Introductory Networking

Prompts and answers

• Which layer would choose to send data over TCP or UDP?
  4
• Which layer checks received information to make sure that it hasn't been corrupted?
  2
• In which layer would data be formatted in preparation for transmission?
  2
• Which layer transmits and receives data?
  1
• Which layer encrypts, compresses, or otherwise transforms the initial data to give it a standardised format?
  6
• Which layer tracks communications between the host and receiving computers?
  5
• Which layer accepts communication requests from applications?
  7
• Which layer handles logical addressing?
  3
• When sending data over TCP, what would you call the "bite-sized" pieces of data?
  Segments
• [Research] Which layer would the FTP protocol communicate with?
  7
• Which transport layer protocol would be best suited to transmit a live video?
  UDP
• How would you refer to data at layer 2 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model)?
  Frames
• How would you refer to data at layer 4 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model), if the UDP protocol has been selected?
  Datagrams
• What process would a computer perform on a received message?
  De-encapsulation
• Which is the only layer of the OSI model to add a trailer during encapsulation?
  Data Link
• Does encapsulation provide an extra layer of security (Aye/Nay)?
  Aye
• Which model was introduced first, OSI or TCP/IP?
  TCP/IP
• Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Transport layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?
  Transport
• Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Session layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?
  Application
• The Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of two layers in the OSI model. These layers are Data Link, and?.. (Full Name)?
  Physical
• Which layer of the TCP/IP model handles the functionality of the OSI network layer?
  Internet
• What kind of protocol is TCP?
  Connection-based
• What is SYN short for?
  Synchronise
• What is the second step of the three way handshake?
  SYN/ACK
• What is the short name for the "Acknowledgement" segment in the three-way handshake?
  ACK
• What command would you use to ping the bbc.co.uk website?
  ping bbc.co.uk
• What is the IPv4 address?
  217.160.0.152
• What switch lets you change the interval of sent ping requests?
  -i
• What switch would allow you to restrict requests to IPv4?
  -4
• What switch would give you a more verbose output?
  -v
• What switch would you use to specify an interface when using Traceroute?
  -i
• What switch would you use if you wanted to use TCP SYN requests when tracing the route?
  -T
• [Lateral Thinking] Which layer of the TCP/IP model will traceroute run on by default (Windows)?
  Internet
• What is the registrant postal code for facebook.com?
  94025
• When was the facebook.com domain first registered (Format: DD/MM/YYYY)?
  29/03/1997
• Which city is the registrant based in?
  Redmond
• [OSINT] What is the name of the golf course that is near the registrant address for microsoft.com?
  Bellevue Golf Course
• What is the registered Tech Email for microsoft.com?
  msnhst@microsoft.com
• What is DNS short for?
  Domain Name System
• What is the first type of DNS server your computer would query when you search for a domain?
  Recursive
• What type of DNS server contains records specific to domain extensions (i.e. .com, .co.uk*, etc)*? Use the long version of the name.
  Top-Level Domain
• Where is the very first place your computer would look to find the IP address of a domain?
  Hosts File
• [Research] Google runs two public DNS servers. One of them can be queried with the IP 8.8.8.8, what is the IP address of the other one?
  8.8.4.4
• If a DNS query has a TTL of 24 hours, what number would the dig query show?
  86400